• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Device for handling plants, wherein the device comprises at least one plant store, in which several plants with root clumps can be placed next to each other so that several rows are formed one after the other. The rows are directed in a first direction, and the plant store is arranged to move said plant rows substantially horizontally in a second direction. The second direction is substantially perpendicular or transverse to the first direction. In addition, the plant storage is arranged to release said plant rows one at a time down from the plant storage. According to one example, the device is placed in a planting machine with planting devices, which are arranged to guide a plant to a planting point and to place it there. According to one example, the planting machine is connected to a steerable crane on a work machine which is a vehicle moving in a terrain. (Fig. 1)
    公开号:SE1450455A1
    申请号:SE1450455
    申请日:2014-04-14
    公开日:2014-10-17
    发明作者:Jussi Aikala
    申请人:Upm Kymmene Corp；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The capacity of the above-mentioned planting machines is limited. The planting work must be interrupted when the tree seedlings run out in the planting machine, and it must be loaded manually with new tree plants in order to be able to resume the planting work. The charge with tree plants can take up to 15-20% of the total working time. To increase capacity, attempts have been made to increase the number of plants that can be stored in the planting machine, e.g. in a manner presented in WO 96/04775. However, the planting device becomes large and complicated.
    A known solution for the planting machine is presented in the source httpi // wwwyoutube.com/watch v=vP0pQXABFLk and published 2012-08-28. Said planting machine comprises a device with several plant stores and a feeder which is provided with grippers for simultaneous handling of several plantor. The device comprises transfer devices needed to move the feeder and to transfer the plants to a feeder cassette which acts as an intermediate storage. From the feed cassette, the plants are dropped one at a time into a planting tube.
    Brief Summary of the Invention The inventive solution for a planting machine is presented in claim 1. The inventive solution for a work machine is presented in claim 10. The inventive solution for a device for handling plants is presented in claim 11.
    It is a planting machine for planting seedlings. The planting machine comprises planting devices which are arranged to guide a plant with a root ball to a planting point and to place it there. In addition, the planting machine comprises an intermediate storage, in which several plants can be placed in a row or queue, and in addition the intermediate storage is arranged to guide the plants of said planting row or queue one at a time to the planting devices.
    The intermediate storage is adapted to move said plant row substantially horizontally in a first direction. In addition, the planting machine comprises at least one plant store, in which several plants can be placed next to each other so that several rows are formed one after the other. The plant store is adapted to move said plant rows substantially horizontally in a second direction, and the plant store is further adapted to release said plant rows one at a time down into the intermediate store. The above-mentioned second direction is substantially perpendicular or transverse to the first direction.
    The construction is compact, and several seedlings can be placed in it, whereby the capacity of the planting machine increases. The planting machine can utilize gravity, whereby the design of the plant storage becomes simple and reliable, and its function is easy to control. Preferably, the plants become substantially vertical when they are in the plant storage as well as in the intermediate storage or when they move to the position where they are dropped into the intermediate storage or the planting devices. According to one example, the plant store is equipped with several compartments for establishing plants. The plant storage is arranged - when it moves - to drop a whole row of plants from the compartments down into the intermediate storage which is located below the plant storage.
    The compartments use gravity when transferring the plants, whereby the plants do not need to be lifted up and no special devices are needed for lifting in the planting machine. The plants are dropped out of the compartments. The plants and their stems become mainly vertical in the different stages.
    According to one example, the intermediate storage is also provided with several compartments for establishing plants. The intermediate storage is arranged ~ when it moves - to release an individual plant from a compartment of the intermediate storage into the planting devices which are located below the intermediate storage.
    According to a variant, the plant storage comprises a ground floor, on which the plants can be placed in rows one after the other. The plant storage also comprises several elongated partitions that extend in a second direction. The partitions form several elongated channels that lead the moving plants in the other direction and end at one edge of the ground plane. The plant storage also comprises several transverse partitions which are arranged movable in the other direction and move the plant rows in the other direction along said elongate channels.
    The elongated and transverse partitions together form several compartments intended for individual plants and move a number of plants to the edge of the ground floor, from which the row of plants can fall into the intermediate storage below. In one example, the transverse partitions form several channels, each of which is open from the bottom, when the channel is placed over the edge of the bottom plane and placed on top of the intermediate store. The channel is directed in a first direction.
    The channel allows a movement of a row of plants in a first direction in the intermediate storage.
    In the alternative and example presented above, the plants avoid encountering the elongated partitions, and damage or breaks of plants are reduced. At the same time, the height of the structure can be reduced, since the plant can also be moved between the transverse partitions when it is in the intermediate storage.
    According to another variant, the plant storage comprises a ground floor, on which the plants can be placed in rows one after the other. The plant storage comprises several elongated partitions that extend in a second direction, and several transverse partitions that extend in a first direction. The elongated and transverse partitions are arranged to move in the other direction and to together form several compartments for individual plants, and they move a series of plants to the edge of the ground floor, from which the row of plants can be lowered into the intermediate store below.
    In the variants presented above, the ground plane is immobile and the plants are arranged to slide along the ground plane. According to another example, the ground plane is a continuous conveyor which, together with the compartments, is arranged to move plants to the edge of the ground plane.
    According to one example, the planting machine is provided with transfer means which are arranged to move the intermediate storage back and forth in the first direction.
    The plant storage is also provided with a frame construction which is mounted on the planting machine and with which the ground plane is connected, and a frame, with which at least the transverse partitions are connected and which are movably connected to the frame construction. The plant storage comprises other transfer devices that are arranged to move the plant storage back and forth in the other direction.
    According to a third alternative, the plant storage comprises a ground floor, on which the plants can be placed in rows one after the other. The ground plane is a continuous conveyor which is arranged to move the plant row to an edge of said bottom plane, from which the plant row can be dropped into the intermediate storage below. In this variant, the plant store includes donors, if necessary, e.g. elongated partitions, to support the moving plants. The transfer devices include fasteners, joints, wires, screws, slides, gear beams, sleds, bearings and actuators and, if necessary, also e.g. electric, pneumatic or hydraulic controls for functions of the transfer devices and the transfer devices.
    According to one example, there are at least two plant stores on top of each other in the planting machine. In this way, the capacity of the planting machine can be increased, and the planting machine can operate without interruption for longer than before. In one example, the planting machine also comprises cultivating devices for cultivating the soil surface for planting a plant, packing devices for packing the soil surface around the planted plant, and fasteners for coupling the planting device to a controllable crane on a work machine.
    It is a question of e.g. processing devices which are particularly suitable for staining. Alternatively, the tillage of the soil surface is carried out in a special step or with a special device. Alternatively, the packing is performed in a special step or with a special device.
    The fasteners enable the attachment of the planting machine to, for example, the crane of the work machine.
    According to one example, this is a particular planting machine whose planting devices comprise a vertical planting tube. The planting tube penetrates in a controlled manner into a planting point, processes a hole for the plant in the planting point, drops the plant into the planting point and retracts to a standby position, in which it can receive a new plant to be planted. The planting machine may comprise several special planting devices, and for each there may be a separate intermediate storage and / or plant storage.
    Said planting machine comprises e.g. two frames next to each other, which may also be provided with processing devices and / or packing devices, as well as common fasteners. There may be several special plant stores, and they may also be on top of each other.
    The solution presented also includes a work machine which is a vehicle moving in the terrain and comprises a steerable crane. The work machine also comprises the planting machine presented above mounted on the crane.
    The use of a work machine enables efficient use of the planting machine. The device is connected to the control system of the work machine, by means of which e.g. the planter of the planter is controlled. The device utilizes e.g. the hydraulic system of the work machine. The work machine is a work machine that is based on a tractor, a harvester, a loader or an excavator.
    The tractor can be equipped with a crane, on the head of which the planting machine is connected. In a harvester and a loader, the planting machine is mounted instead of a harvester head or a timber grab on the crane. In an excavator, the planting machine is placed on the crane instead of the bucket. In an excavator, the planting machine can be placed together with the bucket on the crane, whereby the bucket can be used as processing devices.
    With the help of a planting machine according to the presented solution, one can diversify the use of said work machines. When the device is further arranged so that it can be mounted on cranes in existing work machines, the use of a specially built crane is avoided. In the solution presented, it is also a question of a device for handling plants. Said device comprises at least one plant store, in which several plants with root clumps can be placed next to each other so that several rows are formed one after the other, which are directed in a first direction. The plant supply is adapted to move said plant rows substantially horizontally in a second direction, and the plant supply is further adapted to release said plant rows one at a time down from the plant supply. The above-mentioned second direction is substantially perpendicular or transverse to the first direction.
    According to a variant, the device also comprises an intermediate storage, in which several plants can be placed in a row or queue. The intermediate storage is arranged to move said plant row substantially horizontally in a first direction, and in addition the intermediate storage is arranged to receive a plant row which is dropped from the plant supply and to release the plants of said plant row one at a time down from the intermediate storage. The plant is, for example, dropped into the planting device of the planting machine, such as a planting tube.
    The device uses gravity. According to one example, the plant store is equipped with several compartments for establishing plants. The plant store is arranged - when it moves - to drop a whole row of plants from the compartments down into, for example, the intermediate store which is located below the plant store.
    The device is intended for a planting machine, and it can therefore be arranged in a planting machine with planting devices which are arranged to guide a plant with a root ball to a planting point and to place it there. If the planting machine or device comprises an intermediate storage as presented above, the intermediate storage is arranged to drop plants one at a time into the planting devices. The intermediate storage includes e.g. several compartments, in which the received row of plants is placed and by means of which seedlings are moved, e.g. to an opening, and the plant is released from the compartment into the planting devices, such as a planting tube.
    The planting machine presented above can also be placed in various work machines which are vehicles moving in the terrain. The planting machine may be coupled to the work machine, or it may be a free-standing, towable or sliding planting machine which is provided with devices which enable a movement, such as wheels, which are coupled to the body of the planting machine. The planting machine and the device according to the presented solutions are suitable especially for plants with root clumps. This is especially a case of a plant of pine or spruce.
    Description of drawings In the following description, the presented solutions will be illustrated in more detail with reference to the attached figures, where figure 1 shows an example, in which the device according to the solution is adapted in a planting machine and is intended for handling plants with root ball, figure 2 shows the planting machine according to figure 1, seen from the side and in its position of use, figure 3 shows the planting machine and the device according to figure 1, seen from above, figure 4 shows the planting machine of figure 2 provided with an intermediate storage, figure 5 shows the device of figure 1 separate from the planting machine the plant storage in its first position, figure 6 shows the device of figure 5 with the plant storage placed in its second position, and figure 7 shows a planting machine according to the prior art, cut and provided with an intermediate storage, in which planting machine the device according to the solution can be applied.
    DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION IN DETAILS In Figures 1-7, identical or similarly functioning parts are denoted by the same number in different figures. Figures 1-4 show an example of a planting machine 10 according to the solution, in particular a planting machine to be attached to the crane of a working machine.
    Said planting machine comprises a device 21 according to the solution, intended for handling plants.
    The planting machine 10 can be connected to the crane on the work machine. The planting machine 10 is connected to the crane with fasteners 11, and it is a question of e.g. a quick-release fastening or a demountable fastening with e.g. bolts.
    The work machine is mobile in varying terrain, and the planting machine 10 is controlled by the work machine operator in the work machine driver's cab or by remote control from elsewhere.
    The planting machine 10 comprises a frame 12, in which the device 21, the fasteners 11 and other devices are fastened and which constitute the supporting structure.
    Attaching devices 15 for cultivating the soil surface for planting a plant have been attached to the frame 12. In this example, the machining devices 15 comprise a machining disc which is further tiltable through an actuator (eg a cylinder). By means of movements of the processing devices 15 and the body 12 of the planting machine, a mound is formed, in which the plant is to be planted. The movements are accomplished by a crane. These are staining devices. suitable especially for In the planting machine according to Figures 1-4, one can apply planting devices for the planting machine according to Figure 7, and if necessary also packing devices for packing the soil surface around the planted plant, as well as other devices and functions, such as a intermediate storage.
    The planting machine may comprise several separate planting devices, e.g. two parallel and simultaneously functioning planting devices, were equipped with their own intermediate storage. Each intermediate storage is provided with its own device 21 which feeds plants to the intermediate storage, as will be described below in this description. Said planting machine comprises e.g. two frames 12 next to each other, which may also be provided with said processing devices 15 and / or packing devices 19, to be described below, and common fasteners 11. Each device 21 comprises a plant storage or several plant storage on top of each other.
    According to Figure 7, the frame 12 is also provided with packing devices 19 for packing the soil surface around the planted plant. In this example, the packing devices are 19 feet for stepping on the ground by means of an actuator (eg a cylinder), preferably two feet placed on two opposite sides of the plant. Additionally or alternatively, the lower surface of the frame 12 can also function as a packing device, when the planting machine lowers or is pressed against the ground.
    The frame 12 is also provided with planting devices 16 which move the plant down to the planting point 14 and place it there. The planting point is e.g. in a mound formed in the soil for planting. In the example of figure the planting devices 16 utilize gravity to move the plant, and they comprise a vertical planting tube. The planting tube penetrates by means of the actuator (eg a cylinder) in a controlled manner into the planting point 14 and makes a hole for the plant there. In this example, the lower end of the planting tube is provided with a lid 17 which closes the planting tube and which can be opened with an actuator (eg a cylinder). In this example, the planting tube is lowered into the planting point by opening the lid 17, whereby the plant can be completed e.g. on the lid. After this, the planting tube pulls back up to its standby position and leaves the plant in place. In the standby position, when the lid 17 is closed, the planting tube can receive a new plant to be planted. In some examples, the planting tube comprises several parts and operates in a telescopic manner, as in the example of Figure 7.
    The planting devices 16 receive a new plant from a predetermined place, i.e. a position 18, which is located in the planting machine and to which the intermediate storage 20 or the device 21 picks up the plant. In the example of Figure 7, the planting device 16 belonging to the planting tube and its upper part is in position 18 and receives the new plant.
    According to Figures 1-3, 5 and 6, the device 21 placed in the planting machine 10 comprises at least one plant storage 41. In the example of Figure 1, there is only one plant storage 41. Preferably, there are several plants next to each other in plant storage so that several plants can be handled simultaneously. Preferably, it is also the case that the plants in each plant store are placed in a fixed order, e.g. in a matrix, with several plants next to and one after the other in straight rows.
    In the example of figure 1, the device 21 holds a matrix of 9 X 21 seedlings and a total of 189 seedlings.
    The device 21 can be provided with a protective roof or an enclosure to protect the plants. The device 21 can also be provided with devices for watering the plants in the plant store 41 or for water access to the root clumps.
    In the example of Figure 1, the device 21 delivers several plants simultaneously to the position 18, where there is an intermediate storage 20 belonging to the planting machine 10 or the device 21 and which holds several plants. In the example of Figures 1-4, an elongated magazine functions as the intermediate storage. Preferably, the magazine holds all the plants in the row that are dropped from the plant store 41, or a plurality of them. According to another example, the planting machine 10 or the device 21 includes two or more independent intermediate stores, e.g. elongated magazines. Each intermediate storage feeds a plant to the above-mentioned position or to the planting devices, e.g. to the planting tube. In the variant with several planting devices, each intermediate storage feeds a plant to different planting devices, e.g. planting tubes. Position 18 may comprise several openings for different intermediate stores. In the example of figure 1, there are 9 places for plants next to each other in the intermediate storage 20. The plants are upright in the plant storage 41 and the intermediate storage 20. The intermediate storage 20 comprises, for example, partitions 27 which separate plants from each other. For example, the partitions push 27 plants forward, and the plants slide e.g. on the body 12 of the planting machine. Alternatively, the body 12 or intermediate storage 20 is provided with a flat bottom surface, along which the plants slide. The partitions form compartments for the plants. The compartments move the plants, and a plant is released from the compartment into, for example, an opening located in position 18. The compartment transfers the plant to the opening and over its edge. The bottom of the compartment can consist of the flat bottom surface of the said intermediate storage or the body of the planting machine. The intermediate storage 20 leads the plants one at a time to the position 18 and further to the planting devices (cf. the planting devices 16 in Figure 7). In the example of Figure 1, the intermediate storage 20 and the magazine acting as the intermediate storage move back and forth by means of transfer means. The position 18 comprises, for example, an opening, to which the plant is moved by means of the intermediate storage 20 and through which the plant is let down into the planting tube.
    In the position 18 or in the planting devices there may also be controllable lids, hatches or other devices with which the access of the plant to the planting devices or its movements in the planting devices can be controlled, e.g. its dropping down to the planting point 14.
    Plant storage 41 according to the example of figure 1 fills the intermediate storage 20 with new plants, when the intermediate storage 20 has become empty and preferably also returned to, for example, its standby position, where it can receive a number of plants which are dropped from the plant storage 41.
    In the position 18 or in the planting devices there may also be controllable lids, hatches or other devices with which the access of the plant to the planting devices or its movements in the planting devices can be controlled, e.g. its dropping down to the planting point 14. Preferably, the intermediate storage 20 feeds a plant to the position 18, after which the planting devices receive the plant, plant it, and are ready after the planting to receive the next plant from the intermediate storage 20, for the next new planting. According to one example, the intermediate storage 20 feeds the plant directly to a planting tube functioning as the planting devices (cf. the planting tube in Figure 7).
    The plant supply 41 is connected to the device 21 by means of transfer devices 26, 30 and 34. In the example of figure 3, the horizontal movements of the plant supply 41 are performed by a transfer device 26, 30 and 34 associated with horizontal guide consisting of e.g. a linear guide equipped with a ball screw and driven by a motor. In a corresponding manner, the horizontal guide of the transfer devices 28, 29 for the intermediate storage 20 can also be realized with e.g. a linear guide equipped with a ball screw and driven by a motor. 10 15 20 25 30 35 13 Alternatively, the transfer means comprise fasteners, joints, guides, screws, slides, gear beams, sleds, bearings and actuators and, if necessary, also e.g. electric, pneumatic or hydraulic controls that perform functions of the transfer devices and move e.g. the intermediate store and the plant store.
    Figure 3 shows the planting machine 10 and the device 21 seen from above.
    Figure 3 shows in particular the reciprocating movement of the intermediate storage 20 in a first direction X and the reciprocating movement of the plant storage 41 in a second direction Y. The first direction X and the second direction Y are substantially horizontal in the position of use of the device 21. Preferably, the first direction X is substantially perpendicular to the second direction Y, as shown in Figure 3, or said directions are transverse to each other.
    The total width of the plant store 41 is typically greater than the width of the body 12. The intermediate store 20 has places for plants next to each other so that a queue or a row of plants is formed.
    The intermediate storage 20 may also comprise several, ie two or more queues or rows, in which the feeding device 41 drops plants and fills the intermediate storage. The magazine comprises e.g. two queues, each with room for 9 plants. In this case, in addition to a movement in the longitudinal direction, the intermediate storage 20 also has a movement in the transverse direction so that it can lead all plants from the intermediate storage one at a time to the position 18.
    The device 21 shown in Figures 1-3 also uses gravity, since the intermediate storage 20 during its movement releases a single plant into the planting devices and the plant storage 41 during its movement releases an entire plant row into the intermediate storage 20. The release takes place by pushing a plant until it is moved to an opening or over an edge and is dropped into either the intermediate storage 20 or the planting devices. Only individual seedlings at a time are dropped into the planters, and only one row of seedlings at a time are dropped into the intermediate storage 20.
    Figures 1-3, 5 and 6 show an example of a device 21. The device 21 comprises a ground plane 42 (see figure 3), on which the plants are placed. The plants are in an established order, e.g. in a matrix with several plants next to and one after the other in straight rows. The rows of plants are parallel to a first direction X. The plant store 41 consists of several elongate partitions 23 extending in a second direction Y. The partitions 23 form several elongate channels 40 which are next to each other and lead the plants when the plants are moved in the other direction Y. The plants are moved towards the edge 25 of the bottom plane 42, on which the bottom plane 42 ends. In the example of Figure 1, the elongate partitions 23 are immovable, and the plant storage 41 is provided with several transverse partitions 24 which move in the other direction Y and are e.g. parallel to the first direction X. According to an example also shown in Figures 5 and 6, the partitions 24 are connected to a structure which moves them together and at the same time, for example a frame 38. Said structure is provided with transfer means intended for move.
    The partitions 24 push the plants along the channels 40 in the other direction Y. All the plants in the row of plants are moved simultaneously towards the edge 25, and at the same time all the plants placed in the plant store 41. The elongate partitions 23 can be lower than the transverse ones. the partitions 24. The transverse partitions 24 are attached to each other or to the same structure, for example a frame 26, so that they can all be moved simultaneously with the transfer means 26, 30 and 34.
    The elongate and transverse partitions 23, 24 together form several compartments. Each compartment is intended for an individual plant. The compartment is moved to and over the edge 25 so that the plant standing in the compartment can be dropped into the intermediate storage 20 located below the release point. There are several compartments in a row so that a row of plants can be dropped over the edge 25 to the intermediate storage 20.
    Adjacent the edge 25 of the ground plane is an opening 22, through which the row of plants is lowered. The elongate partitions 23 can extend over the edge 25, whereby they can guide the plant which is let down.
    Preferably, the elongate partitions 23 or corresponding devices for guiding the plant do not extend over the opening 22, for example all the way to an additional ground plane 35, but the plants are freely movable in the first direction X when moved by the intermediate storage 20. In the opening 22 are thus a channel is formed which is parallel to the first direction X and offers free passage for the plants.
    The movable transverse partitions 24 form several transverse channels 39 after the partitions 24 have moved over the edge 25 and are located at the opening 22 on top of the intermediate storage 20. The channel 39 allows space for the plants and allows a plant queue to move in the intermediate storage 20 in the first direction X .
    In the example of Figure 1, the ground plane 42 is immobile, whereby the root clumps of the plants slide along the ground plane. According to another example, the bottom plane consists of a continuous conveyor which together with the compartments moves plants to the edge of the conveyor corresponding to said edge 25. According to a variant the conveyor is a belt conveyor, the upper surface of the belt being the necessary ground plane and the belt changing direction at the edge 25. At the edge 25 there is a roller or similar construction, over which the endless belt runs and changes the direction of the belt to the opposite. The band runs e.g. in step with the partitions 23. The conveyor comprises transfer devices which are necessary for its function.
    According to a second variant, the plant store 41 comprises said ground plane 42, on which the plants are placed. The plant storage 41 comprises several elongate partitions which extend in the second direction Y, and several transverse partitions which extend in the first direction X. Said elongate and transverse partitions are moved simultaneously and form several compartments at the same time. Each compartment is intended for an individual plant. The compartment is moved to and over the edge 25 so that the plant present in the compartment can be dropped into the intermediate storage 20 below the release point. A row of plants is dropped over the edge 25 and down through the opening 22.
    For example, said elongated and transverse partitions form a compartment system, in the square openings of which the plants can be placed. The ground plane 42 is immobile, but in this example it is also possible to apply a continuous conveyor which constitutes the ground plane, as presented above.
    In a third variant, the device 21 comprises a running conveyor which constitutes the bottom plane 42 and moves plants to the edge 25 of the conveyor corresponding to said edge 25. In this variant the elongated or transverse partitions described above are not necessary. The pawns are placed on the ground floor and they are in an established order, e.g. in a matrix with several plants next to and one after the other in straight rows. The rows of plants run parallel to the first direction X, and the conveyor moves them in the second direction Y.
    According to one example, the conveyor is a belt conveyor, the upper surface of the belt constituting the necessary bottom plane and the belt changing its direction at the edge 25. At the edge 25 there is a roller or the like construction over which the endless belt runs and changes the direction of the belt to the opposite .
    The conveyor comprises transfer devices necessary for its function.
    The above-mentioned elongate or transverse partitions are not necessary, but in one example the device 21 comprises at least elongate partitions which correspond to the partitions 23, are located above the conveyor and constitute elongate channels which support the plants. Said elongate partitions are attached to e.g. the body structure of the device 21.
    According to the example of Figure 5, the device 21 comprises a frame structure 36 which consists of, for example, metal beams. The frame structure 36 is mounted on the planting machine, e.g. on a frame structure 12 according to Figure 4, as well as the intermediate storage 20. Below the frame construction there is a space 37 for the intermediate storage 20. Cover plates or enclosures 31 and 32 and also the transfer means 26, 30 and 34 for the plant storage 41 can be mounted on the frame structure 36. The device 21 can also comprise an additional ground floor 35 or the like, on which the plant storage 41 which has become empty is moved according to figure 6. The bottom floor 42 and the additional ground floor 35 or the like are located on opposite sides of the opening 22. The transverse partitions 24 are attached to e.g. frame 38. The plant storage 41 is moved by means of transfer means relative to the frame structure 36 and the intermediate storage 20.
    The plant storage 41 is filled with plants in a situation according to Figure 5, in which the plant storage 41 is in a first position and is moved at one end of the device 21. The plant storage 41 is moved stepwise on the intermediate storage 20 and hands over a row of plants to the aisle to the intermediate storage 20. The intermediate storage 20 is moved to a position in which it can receive all the plants in the row. Thereafter, the intermediate storage 20 is moved step by step and hands over plants one at a time to the planting devices. After the intermediate store 20 has become empty, it returns and receives the plants of the next row of plants. In Figure 6, the emptied plant storage 41 is in the second position and moved over the intermediate storage 20 to the other end of the device 21. Thereafter, the plant supply 41 moves back to the opposite end for filling.
    According to another example, when the elongate and transverse partitions 24, 25 move together, the function can also be arranged so that the plant supply can be replenished regardless of which end of the device 21 the plant supply is located in. The stepwise movable plant supply leaves plants to the intermediate storage 20 which operates in the manner described above.
    According to a variant, there are at least two plant stores on top of each other. Referring to the examples of Figures 1 and 5, parts corresponding to the bottom plane 42, the edge 25, the elongate partitions 23 and the transverse partitions 24, if necessary also the transfer means 26, 30, 34, are placed on the device 21. All plant stores release plant rows into the intermediate store 20 through the opening 22. In the plant stores located on top of the plant store 21, one can apply the functions and principles presented in this description.
    The superimposed plant stores are moved simultaneously and / or at different times. The device can also be provided with control devices which control the release of the plant and ensure that it is dropped into the intermediate storage. A plant store that has become empty can function as a guide for a plant that is released from an upper plant store. For example, a plant falls through at least one plant store before it is moved to the intermediate store.
    According to an example, cylinders and motors are used as actuators. The actuators are connected to a control circuit which consists of e.g. electrical devices and / or a source of pressure medium, channels for the medium, valves and controls. The control of the control circuit is performed either manually or by using an electrical control system which is e.g. programmable. The control machine's electric, hydraulic or pneumatic system can be used as the control circuit. As controls, you can use controls that belong to the work machine. Some of the components of the control circuit can be placed in a housing which is attached to the planting machine 10 or the device 21. The electrical control system can also be provided with 18 automatic functions for the operation of the planting machine 10 and the device 21.
    Various embodiments of the solution according to the invention are not limited only to the examples presented in the accompanying drawings or which are specifically described in the description above, or to which reference is made in the description.
    The special properties of the solution presented above can also be interconnected and carried out in various combinations which are not found in the examples given above. These combinations are in accordance with the appended claims.
    权利要求:
    Claims (13)
    [1]
    A planting machine for planting seedlings, the planting machine comprising: - planting devices arranged to guide a plant with a root ball to a planting point and to place it there, - an intermediate storage, in which several plants can be placed in a row and which is arranged moving said plant row substantially horizontally in a first direction, and which intermediate storage is further arranged to guide the plants of said plant row one at a time to the planting devices, and - at least one plant storage, in which several plants can be placed next to each other so that several rows are formed one after the other, the plant store being arranged to move said plant rows substantially horizontally in a second direction, and the plant store is further arranged to release said plant rows one at a time into an intermediate store, and wherein the second direction is substantially perpendicular or transverse to the first the direction.
    [2]
    A planting machine according to claim 1, wherein the plant store is provided with several compartments for establishing plants, and the plant store is arranged, when it moves, to release a whole row of plants from the compartments down into the intermediate store located below the plant store.
    [3]
    Planting machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the intermediate storage is provided with several compartments for upright plants, and the intermediate storage is arranged, when it moves, to drop a single plant from a compartment down into the planting devices located below the intermediate storage. .
    [4]
    Planting machine according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the plant store comprises: - a ground floor, on which the plants can be placed in rows one after the other, - several elongate partitions extending in the other direction, the partitions forming several elongate channels which control the moving the plants in the second direction and ending at an edge of the ground plane, and 10 15 20 25 30 35 20 several transverse partitions which are arranged movable in the first direction and move the rows of plants in the first direction along said elongate channels , the elongate and transverse partitions together forming several compartments intended for individual plants and moving a row of plants to said edge of the ground plane, from which the row of plants can fall into the intermediate store below.
    [5]
    A planting machine according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the plant store further comprises: a ground floor, on which the plants can be placed in rows one after the other, several elongate partitions extending in the second direction, and several transverse partitions extending in the first the elongated and transverse partitions are arranged to be moved in the other direction and to together form several compartments intended for individual plants and move a row of plants to an edge of said ground plane, from which the row of plants can be lowered into the intermediate store. below.
    [6]
    Planting machine according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the ground plane is immobile and the plants are arranged to slide along the ground plane, or alternatively the ground plane is a continuous conveyor which is arranged together with the compartments to move plants to the edge of the ground plane.
    [7]
    A planting machine according to any one of claims 4-6, wherein the planting machine further comprises first transfer means arranged to move the intermediate storage back and forth in the first direction, and wherein the planting storage further comprises: a frame structure mounted on the planting machine and to which the ground plane is connected, a frame, on which at least the transverse partitions are mounted and which is movably mounted on the frame structure, and other transfer means which are arranged to move the plant supply back and forth in the other direction. 10 15 20 25 30 21
    [8]
    A planting machine according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the plant store comprises a ground plane, on which the plants can be placed in rows one after the other, the ground plane being a continuous conveyor arranged to move the plant row to an edge of said bottom plane, from which the plant row can released to an intermediate store below.
    [9]
    A planting machine according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein there are at least two plant stores on top of each other.
    [10]
    A work machine which is a vehicle moving in the terrain and comprises a steerable crane, on the head of which a planting machine according to any one of claims 1-9 is connected, the work machine being a work machine based on a tractor, a harvester, a loader or a excavator.
    [11]
    A device for handling plants, wherein the device comprises at least one plant store, in which several plants with root clumps can be placed next to each other so that several rows are formed one after the other, which are directed in a first direction, the plant store being arranged to move said plant rows substantially horizontally in a second direction, and the plant supply is further arranged to release said plant rows one at a time from the plant supply, and wherein the second direction is substantially perpendicular or transverse to the first direction.
    [12]
    The device according to claim 11, wherein the device further comprises an intermediate storage, in which several plants can be placed in a row and which is arranged to move said plant row substantially horizontally in a first direction, wherein the intermediate storage is further arranged to receive the plant row released from the plant supply and to release the plants of said plant row one at a time down from the intermediate storage.
    [13]
    Device according to claim 11 or 12, wherein the device is arranged in a planting machine with planting devices which are arranged to guide a plant with root ball to a planting point and to place it there.
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    同族专利:
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    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FI20135369A|FI125636B|2013-04-16|2013-04-16|Planting machinery and equipment for treating seedlings|
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